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怎样查看Linux目录文件实际大小？这篇文章运用了实例展示，详细介绍获取和查看文件大小命令的使用方法，可供感兴趣的小伙伴们参考借鉴，希望对大家有所帮助。
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什么是 du 命令?
du 命令 表示 磁盘使用率(Disk Usage)。这是一个标准的 Unix 程序，用于估计当前工作目录中的文件空间使用情况。
它使用递归方式总结磁盘使用情况，以获取目录及其子目录的大小。
如同我说的那样, 使用 ls 命令时，目录大小仅显示 4KB。参见下面的输出。
$ ls -lh | grep ^d drwxr-xr-x 3 daygeek daygeek 4.0K Aug 2 13:57 Bank_Details drwxr-xr-x 2 daygeek daygeek 4.0K Mar 15 2019 daygeek drwxr-xr-x 6 daygeek daygeek 4.0K Feb 16 2019 drive-2daygeek drwxr-xr-x 13 daygeek daygeek 4.0K Jan 6 2019 drive-mageshm drwxr-xr-x 15 daygeek daygeek 4.0K Sep 29 21:32 Thanu_Photos
1) 在 Linux 上如何只获取父目录的大小
使用以下 du 命令格式获取给定目录的总大小。在该示例中，我们将得到 /home/daygeek/Documents 目录的总大小。
$ du -hs /home/daygeek/Documents
或
$ du -h --max-depth=0 /home/daygeek/Documents/ 20G /home/daygeek/Documents
详细说明：
du – 这是一个命令
-h – 以易读的格式显示大小 (例如 1K 234M 2G)
-s – 仅显示每个参数的总数
--max-depth=N – 目录的打印深度
2) 在 Linux 上如何获取每个目录的大小
使用以下 du 命令格式获取每个目录（包括子目录）的总大小。
在该示例中，我们将获得每个 /home/daygeek/Documents 目录及其子目录的总大小。
$ du -h /home/daygeek/Documents/ | sort -rh | head -20 20G /home/daygeek/Documents/ 9.6G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek 6.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos 5.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/Camera 5.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-videos 3.2G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm 2.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-Photos 2.2G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month 916M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm/Tanisha 454M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm/2g-backup 415M /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/WhatsApp Video 300M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Jan-2017 288M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Oct-2017 226M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Sep-2017 219M /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/WhatsApp Documents 213M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm/photos 163M /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/WhatsApp Video/Sent 161M /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/WhatsApp Images 154M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/June-2017 150M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Nov-2016
3) 在 Linux 上如何获取每个目录的摘要
使用如下 du 命令格式仅获取每个目录的摘要。
$ du -hs /home/daygeek/Documents/* | sort -rh | head -10 9.6G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek 6.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos 3.2G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm 756K /home/daygeek/Documents/Bank_Details 272K /home/daygeek/Documents/user-friendly-zorin-os-15-has-been-released-TouchInterface1.png 172K /home/daygeek/Documents/user-friendly-zorin-os-15-has-been-released-NightLight.png 164K /home/daygeek/Documents/ConfigServer Security and Firewall (csf) Cheat Sheet.pdf 132K /home/daygeek/Documents/user-friendly-zorin-os-15-has-been-released-Todo.png 112K /home/daygeek/Documents/user-friendly-zorin-os-15-has-been-released-ZorinAutoTheme.png 96K /home/daygeek/Documents/distro-info.xlsx
4) 在 Linux 上如何获取每个目录的不含子目录的大小
使用如下 du 命令格式来展示每个目录的总大小，不包括子目录。
$ du -hS /home/daygeek/Documents/ | sort -rh | head -20 5.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/Camera 5.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-videos 2.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-Photos 1.5G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm 831M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm/Tanisha 454M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm/2g-backup 300M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Jan-2017 288M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Oct-2017 253M /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/WhatsApp Video 226M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Sep-2017 219M /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/WhatsApp Documents 213M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm/photos 163M /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/WhatsApp Video/Sent 154M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/June-2017 150M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Nov-2016 127M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Dec-2016 100M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Oct-2016 94M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Nov-2017 92M /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/WhatsApp Images 90M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Dec-2017
5) 在 Linux 上如何仅获取一级子目录的大小
如果要获取 Linux 上给定目录的一级子目录（包括其子目录）的大小，请使用以下命令格式。
$ du -h --max-depth=1 /home/daygeek/Documents/ 3.2G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm 4.0K /home/daygeek/Documents/daygeek 756K /home/daygeek/Documents/Bank_Details 9.6G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek 6.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos 20G /home/daygeek/Documents/
6) 如何在 du 命令输出中获得总计
如果要在 du 命令输出中获得总计，请使用以下 du 命令格式。
$ du -hsc /home/daygeek/Documents/* | sort -rh | head -10 20G total 9.6G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek 6.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos 3.2G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm 756K /home/daygeek/Documents/Bank_Details 272K /home/daygeek/Documents/user-friendly-zorin-os-15-has-been-released-TouchInterface1.png 172K /home/daygeek/Documents/user-friendly-zorin-os-15-has-been-released-NightLight.png 164K /home/daygeek/Documents/ConfigServer Security and Firewall (csf) Cheat Sheet.pdf 132K /home/daygeek/Documents/user-friendly-zorin-os-15-has-been-released-Todo.png 112K /home/daygeek/Documents/user-friendly-zorin-os-15-has-been-released-ZorinAutoTheme.png
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