C语言—学生管理系统（链表实现，完整代码）-创新互联

#include#include//清屏要用到的头文件
#include//文件操作要用到的头文件
#include//字符串比较用到的strcmp的

//定义结构体，来创建链表；
typedef struct Node
{
    int ID;
    char Name[30];
    int Score1,Score2,Score3,sum;
    double average;
    struct Node* next;  //指针域；
} node;
node list;

int Read_FILE(node* L);  //读文件;
int Save_FILE(node* L);  //保存文件;
void Catalogue();  //目录的函数；

void Add_Printf();  //增加学生信息界面；
void Add(node* L,node e);  //实现增加信息的功能；

void Delete(node* L);  //删除学生信息输出界面；
void dodelete(node* s);  //实现删除学生信息；

void Fix(node* L);  //修改学生信息；

void Search(node* L);  //查询学生信息的输出界面；
node* Search_id(int id,node* L);  //实现按学号查询学生信息；
node* Search_in(char name[],node* L);  //实现按姓名查询学生信息；

void Printf(node* L);  //实现输出学生信息的功能；
void Printf_();  //界面；


void Sort(node* L);  //排序;
int cmpbsum(node * L);
int cmpssum(node * L);
int cmps1(node * L);
int cmpb1(node * L);
int cmps2(node * L);
int cmpb2(node * L);
int cmps3(node * L);
int cmpb3(node * L);
int cmpssave(node * L);
int cmpbave(node * L);



void Goodbye();  //退出系统；s


int main()
{
    int choice=0;
    int go;
    while(1)
    {
        Catalogue();
        scanf("%d",&choice);
        switch(choice)
        {
        case 1:
            Add_Printf();
            break;
        case 2:
            Delete(&list);
            break;
        case 3:
            Fix(&list);
            break;
        case 4:
            Search(&list);
            break;
        case 5:
            Printf(&list);
            break;
        case 6:
            Sort(&list);
            break;
        case 0:
            Goodbye();
            break;
        }
        printf("是否继续操作？（用1表示Yes,用0表示No\n）");
        scanf("%d",&go);
        if(go==0)
        {
            break;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

void Catalogue()
{
    system("cls");  //清屏;
    printf("************************\n");
    printf("************************\n");
    printf("*****1.增加学生信息*****\n");
    printf("*****2.删除学生信息*****\n");
    printf("*****3.修改学生信息*****\n");
    printf("*****4.查询学生信息*****\n");
    printf("*****5.输出学生信息*****\n");
    printf("*****6.排序学生信息*****\n");
    printf("*****0.退出管理系统*****\n");
    printf("************************\n");
    printf("************************\n");
    printf("\n");
    printf("请输入您想实现的功能对应的编号：");
}

int Read_FILE(node* L)  //读取文件；
{
    FILE* fpRead = fopen("D:\\code\\student\\student_information.txt","r");  //打开文件   //r,文件必须存在，只读
    node st;  //创建一个st节点，用来存放读出来的数据；
    node* s;  //创建一个s节点，作用：把数据读出来后用来连接的；
    node* t = L;  //把L表的头节点赋值给t；       //通过st存放数据再把数据传给s，通过s插入到t之后，t继续遍历；
    if(fpRead == NULL)
    {
        printf("文件打开失败！");
        return 0;
    }
    while(fscanf(fpRead,"%d %s %d %d %d %d %lf ",&st.ID,&st.Name,&st.Score1,&st.Score2,&st.Score3,&st.sum,&st.average)!=EOF)
    {
        s = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node));  //申请内存；
        *s = st;
        //尾插法；
        t->next = s;
        t = s;
        t->next = NULL;
    }
    fclose(fpRead);
    return 1;
}

int Save_FILE(node* L)  //保存文件;
{
    FILE* fpWrite = fopen("D:\\code\\student\\student_information.txt","w+");  //w+s，文件存在截断为0；不存在就创建；
    if(fpWrite == NULL)
    {
        printf("文件打开失败！");
        return 0;
    }
    node* p = L->next;
    while(p != NULL)
    {
        fprintf(fpWrite,"%d %s %d %d %d %d %lf\n",p->ID,p->Name,p->Score1,p->Score2,p->Score3,p->sum,p->average);
        p = p->next;
    }
    fclose(fpWrite);
    return 1;
}

void Add_Printf()  //增加学生信息的输出界面；
{
    system("cls");
    node st;
    printf("请输入学生的信息。\n");
    printf("请输入学生学号：\n");
    scanf("%d",&st.ID);
    printf("请输入学生姓名：\n");
    scanf("%s",&st.Name);
    printf("请输入学生的高数成绩：\n");
    scanf("%d",&st.Score1);
    printf("请输入学生的思修成绩：\n");
    scanf("%d",&st.Score2);
    printf("请输入学生的专业课成绩：\n");
    scanf("%d",&st.Score3);
    Add(&list,st);
}


void Add(node* L,node e)  //实现增加学生信息的功能；
{
    //头插法；
    node* p = L;
    node* s = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
    *s = e;

    s->next = p->next;
    p->next = s;
    s->sum = s->Score1 + s->Score2 + s->Score3;
    s->average = (double)(s->Score1 + s->Score2 + s->Score3)/3.0;
    Save_FILE(L);  //增加之后要保存呀；
}

node* Search_id(int id,node* L)  //实现按学号查询学生信息；
{
    node* p = L;
    while(p->next != NULL)
    {
        if(p->next->ID == id)
        {
            return p;
        }
        p = p->next;
    }
    return p->next;
}
node* Search_in(char name[],node* L)  //实现按姓名查询学生信息；
{
    node* p = L;
    while(p->next != NULL)
    {
        if(strcmp(name,p->next->Name) == 0)  //strcmp(str1,str2) 若str1 str2相等，则返回0；
        {
            return p;
        }
        p = p->next;
    }
    return p->next;
}
void Search(node* L)  //查找学生信息的输出界面；
{
    system("cls");
    int choice = 0;
    printf("如按学号查找请输入‘1’ \n");
    printf("如按姓名查找请输入‘0’ \n");
    scanf("%d",&choice);
    int id;
    char name[30];
    node* st;
    if(choice == 1)
    {
        printf("请输入待查询的学号：\n");
        scanf("%d",&id);
        st = Search_id(id,L);

        if(st == NULL)
        {
            printf("系统中并无此人！\n");
        }
        else
        {
            st = st->next;
            printf("——————————————————————————————————————————\n");
            printf("|学号\t|姓名\t|高数\t|思修\t|专业课\t|总分\t|平均分\t|\n");
            printf("%d\t|%s\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%.2lf\t|\n",st->ID,st->Name,st->Score1,st->Score2,st->Score3,st->sum,st->average);
            printf("——————————————————————————————————————————\n");
        }
    }
    else
    {
        printf("请输入待查询的姓名：\n");
        scanf("%s",name);
        st = Search_in(name,L);

        if(st == NULL)
        {
            printf("系统中并无此人！\n");
        }
        else
        {
            st=st->next;
            printf("——————————————————————————————————————————\n");
            printf("|学号\t|姓名\t|高数\t|思修\t|专业课\t|总分\t|平均分\t|\n");
            printf("%d\t|%s\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%.2lf\t|\n",st->ID,st->Name,st->Score1,st->Score2,st->Score3,st->sum,st->average);
            printf("——————————————————————————————————————————\n");
        }
    }
}

void Delete(node* L)  //删除学生信息的输出界面；
{
    system("cls");
    int id;
    node* p;
    printf("请输入要删除的学生的学号：\n");
    scanf("%d",&id);
    node* st = Search_id(id,L);
    p = st;
    if(st == NULL)
    {
        printf("系统中并无此人！\n");
        return 0;
    }
    st =st->next;
    printf("——————————————————————————————————————————\n");
    printf("|学号\t|姓名\t|高数\t|思修\t|专业课\t|总分\t|平均分\t|\n");
    printf("%d\t|%s\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%.2lf\t|\n",st->ID,st->Name,st->Score1,st->Score2,st->Score3,st->sum,st->average);
    printf("——————————————————————————————————————————\n");
    dodelete(p);
    printf("删除成功！");
    Save_FILE(L);  //保存;
}

void dodelete(node* s)  //实现删除学生信息；
{
    node* t = s->next;
    s->next = t->next;
    t->next = NULL;
    free(t);  //释放 防止成为野指针；
}

void Fix(node* L)
{
    system("cls");
    int id;
    printf("请输入要修改的学生的学号：\n");
    scanf("%d",&id);
    node* st = Search_id(id,L);
    if(st == NULL)
    {
        printf("系统中并无此人！\n");
        return 0;
    }
    st = st->next;
    int choice = 0;
    while(1)
    {
        system("cls");
        printf("——————————————————————————————————————————\n");
        printf("|学号\t|姓名\t|高数\t|思修\t|专业课\t|总分\t|平均分\t|\n");
        printf("%d\t|%s\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%.2lf\t|\n",st->ID,st->Name,st->Score1,st->Score2,st->Score3,st->sum,st->average);
        printf("——————————————————————————————————————————\n");
        printf("1.修改学生学号\n");
        printf("2.修改学生姓名\n");
        printf("3.修改学生高数成绩\n");
        printf("4.修改学生思修成绩\n");
        printf("5.修改学生专业课成绩\n");
        printf("\n");
        printf("请输入待修改数据的编号：\n");
        scanf("%d",&choice);

        switch(choice)
        {
        case 1:
            printf("请输入学号：\n");
            scanf("%d",&st->ID);
            break;
        case 2:
            printf("请输入姓名：\n");
            scanf("%s",&st->Name);
            break;
        case 3:
            printf("请输入高数成绩：\n");
            scanf("%d",&st->Score1);
            break;
        case 4:
            printf("请输入思修成绩：\n");
            scanf("%d",&st->Score2);
            break;
        case 5:
            printf("请输入专业课成绩：\n");
            scanf("%d",&st->Score3);
            break;
        }
        printf("是否继续，继续请输入1，否则输入0\n");
        scanf("%d",&choice);
        if(choice == 0)
        {
            Save_FILE(L);
            break;
        }
    }
    printf("修改后的信息为：\n");
    printf("——————————————————————————————————————————\n");
    printf("|学号\t|姓名\t|高数\t|思修\t|专业课\t|\n");
    printf("%d\t|%s\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%.2lf\t|\n",st->ID,st->Name,st->Score1,st->Score2,st->Score3);
    printf("——————————————————————————————————————————\n");
    Save_FILE(L);  //保存;
}


void Printf_()   //界面
{
    printf("——————————————————————————————————————————\n");
    printf("|学号\t|姓名\t|高数\t|思修\t|专业课\t|总分\t|平均分\t|\n");
    printf("——————————————————————————————————————————\n");
}

void Printf(node* L)  //功能
{
    system("cls");
    node* p = L->next;
    Printf_();
    if(p != NULL)
    {
        while(p != NULL)
        {
            printf("%d\t|%s\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%.2lf\t|\n",p->ID,p->Name,p->Score1,p->Score2,p->Score3,p->sum,p->average);
            printf("——————————————————————————————————————————\n");
            p =p->next;
        }
    }
}
int cmps1(node * L)   //高数升序；
{
    int i,count = 0, num;
    node *p, *q, *tail;
    p = L;
    while(p->next != NULL)
    {
        count++;
        p = p->next;
    }
    for(i = 0; i< count - 1; i++)
    {
        num = count - i - 1;
        q = L->next;
        p = q->next;
        tail = L;
        while(num--)
        {
            if(q->Score1 >p->Score1)
            {
                q->next = p->next;
                p->next = q;
                tail->next = p;
            }
            tail = tail->next;
            q = tail->next;
            p = q->next;
        }
    }
    return L;
}
int cmpb1(node * L)   //高数降序；
{
    int i,count = 0, num;
    node *p, *q, *tail;
    p = L;
    while(p->next != NULL)
    {
        count++;
        p = p->next;
    }
    for(i = 0; i< count - 1; i++)
    {
        num = count - i - 1;
        q = L->next;
        p = q->next;
        tail = L;
        while(num--)
        {
            if(q->Score1< p->Score1)
            {
                q->next = p->next;
                p->next = q;
                tail->next = p;
            }
            tail = tail->next;
            q = tail->next;
            p = q->next;
        }
    }
    return L;
}
int cmps2(node * L)   //思修升序；
{
    int i,count = 0, num;
    node *p, *q, *tail;
    p = L;
    while(p->next != NULL)
    {
        count++;
        p = p->next;
    }
    for(i = 0; i< count - 1; i++)
    {
        num = count - i - 1;
        q = L->next;
        p = q->next;
        tail = L;
        while(num--)
        {
            if(q->Score2 >p->Score2)
            {
                q->next = p->next;
                p->next = q;
                tail->next = p;
            }
            tail = tail->next;
            q = tail->next;
            p = q->next;
        }
    }
    return L;
}
int cmpb2(node * L)   //思修降序；
{
    int i,count = 0, num;
    node *p, *q, *tail;
    p = L;
    while(p->next != NULL)
    {
        count++;
        p = p->next;
    }
    for(i = 0; i< count - 1; i++)
    {
        num = count - i - 1;
        q = L->next;
        p = q->next;
        tail = L;
        while(num--)
        {
            if(q->Score2< p->Score2)
            {
                q->next = p->next;
                p->next = q;
                tail->next = p;
            }
            tail = tail->next;
            q = tail->next;
            p = q->next;
        }
    }
    return L;
}
int cmps3(node * L)   //专业课升序；
{
    int i,count = 0, num;
    node *p, *q, *tail;
    p = L;
    while(p->next != NULL)
    {
        count++;
        p = p->next;
    }
    for(i = 0; i< count - 1; i++)
    {
        num = count - i - 1;
        q = L->next;
        p = q->next;
        tail = L;
        while(num--)
        {
            if(q->Score3 >p->Score3)
            {
                q->next = p->next;
                p->next = q;
                tail->next = p;
            }
            tail = tail->next;
            q = tail->next;
            p = q->next;
        }
    }
    return L;
}

int cmpb3(node * L)   //专业课降序；
{
    int i,count = 0, num;
    node *p, *q, *tail;
    p = L;
    while(p->next != NULL)
    {
        count++;
        p = p->next;
    }
    for(i = 0; i< count - 1; i++)
    {
        num = count - i - 1;
        q = L->next;
        p = q->next;
        tail = L;
        while(num--)
        {
            if(q->Score3< p->Score3)
            {
                q->next = p->next;
                p->next = q;
                tail->next = p;
            }
            tail = tail->next;
            q = tail->next;
            p = q->next;
        }
    }
    return L;
}
int cmpssum(node * L)   //总分升序；
{
    int i,count = 0, num;
    node *p, *q, *tail;
    p = L;
    while(p->next != NULL)
    {
        count++;
        p = p->next;
    }
    for(i = 0; i< count - 1; i++)
    {
        num = count - i - 1;
        q = L->next;
        p = q->next;
        tail = L;
        while(num--)
        {
            if(q->sum >p->sum)
            {
                q->next = p->next;
                p->next = q;
                tail->next = p;
            }
            tail = tail->next;
            q = tail->next;
            p = q->next;
        }
    }
    return L;
}
int cmpbsum(node * L)  //总分降序；
{
    int i,count = 0, num;
    node *p, *q, *tail;
    p = L;
    while(p->next != NULL)
    {
        count++;
        p = p->next;
    }
    for(i = 0; i< count - 1; i++)
    {
        num = count - i - 1;
        q = L->next;
        p = q->next;
        tail = L;
        while(num--)
            if(q->sum< p->sum)
            {
                q->next = p->next;
                p->next = q;
                tail->next = p;
            }
        tail = tail->next;
        q = tail->next;
        p = q->next;
    }
    return L;
}
int cmpsave(node * L)   //平均分升序；
{
    int i,count = 0, num;
    node *p, *q, *tail;
    p = L;
    while(p->next != NULL)
    {
        count++;
        p = p->next;
    }
    for(i = 0; i< count - 1; i++)
    {
        num = count - i - 1;
        q = L->next;
        p = q->next;
        tail = L;
        while(num--)
        {
            if(q->average >p->average)
            {
                q->next = p->next;
                p->next = q;
                tail->next = p;
            }
            tail = tail->next;
            q = tail->next;
            p = q->next;
        }
    }
    return L;
}
int cmpbave(node * L)   //平均分降序；
{
    int i,count = 0, num;
    node *p, *q, *tail;
    p = L;
    while(p->next != NULL)
    {
        count++;
        p = p->next;
    }
    for(i = 0; i< count - 1; i++)
    {
        num = count - i - 1;
        q = L->next;
        p = q->next;
        tail = L;
        while(num--)
        {
            if(q->average< p->average)
            {
                q->next = p->next;
                p->next = q;
                tail->next = p;
            }
            tail = tail->next;
            q = tail->next;
            p = q->next;
        }
    }
    return L;
}
void Sort(node* L)
{

    system("cls");
    int choice = 1;
    int a=0;
    printf("0.按高数升序排列\n");
    printf("1.按高数降序排列\n");
    printf("2.按思修升序排列\n");
    printf("3.按思修降序排列\n");
    printf("4.按专业课升序排列\n");
    printf("5.按专业课序排列\n");
    printf("6.按三科总分升序排列\n");
    printf("7.按三科总分降序排列\n");
    printf("8.按平均分升序排列\n");
    printf("9.按平均分降序排列\n");
    printf("\n");
    printf("请输入想要实现的功能的数字编号\n");
    scanf("%d",&a);
    switch(a)
    {
    case 0:
    {
        cmps1(L);
        break;
    }


    case 1:
    {
        cmpb1(L);
        break;
    }


    case 2:

    {
        cmps2(L);
        break;
    }


    case 3:
    {
        cmpb2(L);
        break;
    }

    case 4:
    {
        cmps3(L);
        break;
    }

    case 5:
    {
        cmpb3(L);
        break;

    }

    case 6:
    {
        cmpssum(L);
        break;
    }


    case 7:
    {
        cmpbsum(L);
        break;
    }
    case 8:
    {
        cmpsave(L);
        break;
    }
    case 9:
    {
        cmpbave(L);
        break;
    }
    }


    Printf_();   //界面
    Printf(L);  //功能
    Save_FILE(L);  //保存;

}



void Goodbye()
{
    system("cls");
    printf("已退出系统，欢迎您下次使用！\n");
    exit(0);
}

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