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pre{overflow-x: auto} 实现 消消乐的构成主要包括三部分：游戏主体、计分器、计时器，下面来看一下具体实现。
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先来看一下游戏所需 Python 库。
import os import sys import time import pygame import random
定义一些常量，比如：窗口宽高、网格行列数等，代码如下：
WIDTH = 400 HEIGHT = 400 NUMGRID = 8 GRIDSIZE = 36 XMARGIN = (WIDTH - GRIDSIZE * NUMGRID) // 2 YMARGIN = (HEIGHT - GRIDSIZE * NUMGRID) // 2 ROOTDIR = os.getcwd() FPS = 30
接着创建一个主窗口，代码如下：
pygame.init() screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT)) pygame.display.set_caption('消消乐')
看一下效果：
再接着在窗口中画一个 8 x 8 的网格，代码如下：
screen.fill((255, 255, 220)) # 游戏界面的网格绘制 def drawGrids(self): for x in range(NUMGRID): for y in range(NUMGRID): rect = pygame.Rect((XMARGIN+x*GRIDSIZE, YMARGIN+y*GRIDSIZE, GRIDSIZE, GRIDSIZE)) self.drawBlock(rect, color=(255, 165, 0), size=1 # 画矩形 block 框 def drawBlock(self, block, color=(255, 0, 0), size=2): pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, color, block, size)
看一下效果：
再接着在网格中随机放入各种拼图块，代码如下：
while True: self.all_gems = [] self.gems_group = pygame.sprite.Group() for x in range(NUMGRID): self.all_gems.append([]) for y in range(NUMGRID): gem = Puzzle(img_path=random.choice(self.gem_imgs), size=(GRIDSIZE, GRIDSIZE), position=[XMARGIN+x*GRIDSIZE, YMARGIN+y*GRIDSIZE-NUMGRID*GRIDSIZE], downlen=NUMGRID*GRIDSIZE) self.all_gems[x].append(gem) self.gems_group.add(gem) if self.isMatch()[0] == 0: break
看一下效果：
再接着加入计分器和计时器，代码如下：
# 显示得分 def drawScore(self): score_render = self.font.render('分数:'+str(self.score), 1, (85, 65, 0)) rect = score_render.get_rect() rect.left, rect.top = (55, 15) self.screen.blit(score_render, rect) # 显示加分 def drawAddScore(self, add_score): score_render = self.font.render('+'+str(add_score), 1, (255, 100, 100)) rect = score_render.get_rect() rect.left, rect.top = (250, 250) self.screen.blit(score_render, rect) # 显示剩余时间 def showRemainingTime(self): remaining_time_render = self.font.render('倒计时: %ss' % str(self.remaining_time), 1, (85, 65, 0)) rect = remaining_time_render.get_rect() rect.left, rect.top = (WIDTH-190, 15) self.screen.blit(remaining_time_render, rect)
看一下效果：
当设置的游戏时间用尽时，我们可以生成一些提示信息，代码如下：
while True: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: pygame.quit() sys.exit() if event.type == pygame.KEYUP and event.key == pygame.K_r: flag = True if flag: break screen.fill((255, 255, 220)) text0 = '最终得分: %s' % score text1 = '按 R 键重新开始' y = 140 for idx, text in enumerate([text0, text1]): text_render = font.render(text, 1, (85, 65, 0)) rect = text_render.get_rect() if idx == 0: rect.left, rect.top = (100, y) elif idx == 1: rect.left, rect.top = (100, y) y += 60 screen.blit(text_render, rect) pygame.display.update()
看一下效果：
说完了游戏图形化界面相关的部分，我们再看一下游戏的主要处理逻辑。
我们通过鼠标来操纵拼图块，因此程序需要检查有无拼图块被选中，代码实现如下：
def checkSelected(self, position): for x in range(NUMGRID): for y in range(NUMGRID): if self.getGemByPos(x, y).rect.collidepoint(*position): return [x, y] return None
我们需要将鼠标连续选择的拼图块进行位置交换，代码实现如下：
def swapGem(self, gem1_pos, gem2_pos): margin = gem1_pos[0] - gem2_pos[0] + gem1_pos[1] - gem2_pos[1] if abs(margin) != 1: return False gem1 = self.getGemByPos(*gem1_pos) gem2 = self.getGemByPos(*gem2_pos) if gem1_pos[0] - gem2_pos[0] == 1: gem1.direction = 'left' gem2.direction = 'right' elif gem1_pos[0] - gem2_pos[0] == -1: gem2.direction = 'left' gem1.direction = 'right' elif gem1_pos[1] - gem2_pos[1] == 1: gem1.direction = 'up' gem2.direction = 'down' elif gem1_pos[1] - gem2_pos[1] == -1: gem2.direction = 'up' gem1.direction = 'down' gem1.target_x = gem2.rect.left gem1.target_y = gem2.rect.top gem1.fixed = False gem2.target_x = gem1.rect.left gem2.target_y = gem1.rect.top gem2.fixed = False self.all_gems[gem2_pos[0]][gem2_pos[1]] = gem1 self.all_gems[gem1_pos[0]][gem1_pos[1]] = gem2 return True
每一次交换拼图块时，我们需要判断是否有连续一样的三个及以上拼图块，代码实现如下：
def isMatch(self): for x in range(NUMGRID): for y in range(NUMGRID): if x + 2 -2: for each in [res_match[1], res_match[1]+1, res_match[1]+2]: gem = self.getGemByPos(*[each, start]) if start == res_match[2]: self.gems_group.remove(gem) self.all_gems[each] = None elif start = 0: gem.target_y += GRIDSIZE gem.fixed = False gem.direction = 'down' self.all_gems[each][start+1] = gem else: gem = Puzzle(img_path=random.choice(self.gem_imgs), size=(GRIDSIZE, GRIDSIZE), position=[XMARGIN+each*GRIDSIZE, YMARGIN-GRIDSIZE], downlen=GRIDSIZE) self.gems_group.add(gem) self.all_gems[each][start+1] = gem start -= 1 elif res_match[0] == 2: start = res_match[2] while start -4: if start == res_match[2]: for each in range(0, 3): gem = self.getGemByPos(*[res_match[1], start+each]) self.gems_group.remove(gem) self.all_gems[res_match[1]][start+each] = None elif start = 0: gem = self.getGemByPos(*[res_match[1], start]) gem.target_y += GRIDSIZE * 3 gem.fixed = False gem.direction = 'down' self.all_gems[res_match[1]][start+3] = gem else: gem = Puzzle(img_path=random.choice(self.gem_imgs), size=(GRIDSIZE, GRIDSIZE), position=[XMARGIN+res_match[1]*GRIDSIZE, YMARGIN+start*GRIDSIZE], downlen=GRIDSIZE*3) self.gems_group.add(gem) self.all_gems[res_match[1]][start+3] = gem start -= 1
之后反复执行这个过程，直至耗尽游戏时间，游戏结束。
最后，我们动态看一下游戏效果。
总结
本文我们使用 Python 实现了一个简单的消消乐游戏，有兴趣的可以对游戏做进一步扩展，比如增加关卡等。
到此这篇关于Python实现消消乐小游戏的文章就介绍到这了，希望大家以后多多支持！
Java实现贪吃蛇小游戏（附完整源码）
JavaFX打砖块游戏开发 第二课
javaFX写的推箱子小游戏
使用JavaFx实现拼图游戏
javafx官方范例代码
javafx示例代码
javaFx写的卡牌游戏
javaFX写的推箱子小游戏
有一个我们老师编写的贪吃蛇程序 供你参考一下:
GreedSnake.java (也是程序入口):
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Canvas;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Container;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class GreedSnake implements KeyListener {
JFrame mainFrame;
Canvas paintCanvas;
JLabel labelScore;// 计分牌
SnakeModel snakeModel = null;// 蛇
public static final int canvasWidth = 200;
public static final int canvasHeight = 300;
public static final int nodeWidth = 10;
public static final int nodeHeight = 10;
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// GreedSnake():初始化游戏界面
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public GreedSnake() {
// 设置界面元素
mainFrame = new JFrame("GreedSnake");
Container cp = mainFrame.getContentPane();
labelScore = new JLabel("Score:");
cp.add(labelScore, BorderLayout.NORTH);
paintCanvas = new Canvas();
paintCanvas.setSize(canvasWidth + 1, canvasHeight + 1);
paintCanvas.addKeyListener(this);
cp.add(paintCanvas, BorderLayout.CENTER);
JPanel panelButtom = new JPanel();
panelButtom.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
JLabel labelHelp;// 帮助信息
labelHelp = new JLabel("PageUp, PageDown for speed;", JLabel.CENTER);
panelButtom.add(labelHelp, BorderLayout.NORTH);
labelHelp = new JLabel("ENTER or R or S for start;", JLabel.CENTER);
panelButtom.add(labelHelp, BorderLayout.CENTER);
labelHelp = new JLabel("SPACE or P for pause", JLabel.CENTER);
panelButtom.add(labelHelp, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
cp.add(panelButtom, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
mainFrame.addKeyListener(this);
mainFrame.pack();
mainFrame.setResizable(false);
mainFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
mainFrame.setVisible(true);
begin();
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// keyPressed():按键检测
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
if (snakeModel.running)
switch (keyCode) {
case KeyEvent.VK_UP:
snakeModel.changeDirection(SnakeModel.UP);
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_DOWN:
snakeModel.changeDirection(SnakeModel.DOWN);
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT:
snakeModel.changeDirection(SnakeModel.LEFT);
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT:
snakeModel.changeDirection(SnakeModel.RIGHT);
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_ADD:
case KeyEvent.VK_PAGE_UP:
snakeModel.speedUp();// 加速
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_SUBTRACT:
case KeyEvent.VK_PAGE_DOWN:
snakeModel.speedDown();// 减速
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_SPACE:
case KeyEvent.VK_P:
snakeModel.changePauseState();// 暂停或继续
break;
default:
}
// 重新开始
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_R || keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_S
|| keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_ENTER) {
snakeModel.running = false;
begin();
}
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// keyReleased（）：空函数
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// keyTyped（）：空函数
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// repaint（）：绘制游戏界面（包括蛇和食物）
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
void repaint() {
Graphics g = paintCanvas.getGraphics();
// draw background
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.fillRect(0, 0, canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
// draw the snake
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
LinkedList na = snakeModel.nodeArray;
Iterator it = na.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
Node n = (Node) it.next();
drawNode(g, n);
}
// draw the food
g.setColor(Color.RED);
Node n = snakeModel.food;
drawNode(g, n);
updateScore();
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// drawNode（）：绘画某一结点（蛇身或食物）
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
private void drawNode(Graphics g, Node n) {
g.fillRect(n.x * nodeWidth, n.y * nodeHeight, nodeWidth - 1,
nodeHeight - 1);
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// updateScore（）：改变计分牌
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void updateScore() {
String s = "Score: " + snakeModel.score;
labelScore.setText(s);
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// begin（）：游戏开始，放置贪吃蛇
你可以参考一下 每次遇到不会的都来求助是很不方便的
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把这串数字连起来就可以了，这是一个高手的学习裙，在这里你可以学习到书上学不到的知识，还有大牛相互讨论并指导你解答哦！
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
void begin() {
if (snakeModel == null || !snakeModel.running) {
snakeModel = new SnakeModel(this, canvasWidth / nodeWidth,
this.canvasHeight / nodeHeight);
(new Thread(snakeModel)).start();
}
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// main（）：主函数
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public static void main(String[] args) {
GreedSnake gs = new GreedSnake();
}
}
Node.java:
public class Node {
int x;
int y;
Node(int x, int y) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
}
}
SnakeModel.java:
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
public class SnakeModel implements Runnable {
GreedSnake gs;
boolean[][] matrix;// 界面数据保存在数组里
LinkedList nodeArray = new LinkedList();
Node food;
int maxX;// 最大宽度
int maxY;// 最大长度
int direction = 2;// 方向
boolean running = false;
int timeInterval = 200;// 间隔时间（速度）
double speedChangeRate = 0.75;// 速度改变程度
boolean paused = false;// 游戏状态
int score = 0;
int countMove = 0;
// UP和DOWN是偶数，RIGHT和LEFT是奇数
public static final int UP = 2;
public static final int DOWN = 4;
public static final int LEFT = 1;
public static final int RIGHT = 3;
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// GreedModel():初始化界面
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public SnakeModel(GreedSnake gs, int maxX, int maxY) {
this.gs = gs;
this.maxX = maxX;
this.maxY = maxY;
matrix = new boolean[maxX][];
for (int i = 0; i maxX; ++i) {
matrix[i] = new boolean[maxY];
Arrays.fill(matrix[i], false);// 没有蛇和食物的地区置false
}
// 初始化贪吃蛇
int initArrayLength = maxX 20 ? 10 : maxX / 2;
for (int i = 0; i initArrayLength; ++i) {
int x = maxX / 2 + i;
int y = maxY / 2;
nodeArray.addLast(new Node(x, y));
matrix[x][y] = true;// 蛇身处置true
}
food = createFood();
matrix[food.x][food.y] = true;// 食物处置true
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// changeDirection():改变运动方向
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void changeDirection(int newDirection) {
if (direction % 2 != newDirection % 2)// 避免冲突
{
direction = newDirection;
}
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// moveOn():贪吃蛇运动函数
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public boolean moveOn() {
Node n = (Node) nodeArray.getFirst();
int x = n.x;
int y = n.y;
switch (direction) {
case UP:
y--;
break;
case DOWN:
y++;
break;
case LEFT:
x--;
break;
case RIGHT:
x++;
break;
}
if ((0 = x x maxX) (0 = y y maxY)) {
if (matrix[x][y])// 吃到食物或者撞到身体
{
if (x == food.x y == food.y)// 吃到食物
{
nodeArray.addFirst(food);// 在头部加上一结点
// 计分规则与移动长度和速度有关
int scoreGet = (10000 - 200 * countMove) / timeInterval;
score += scoreGet 0 ? scoreGet : 10;
countMove = 0;
food = createFood();
matrix[food.x][food.y] = true;
return true;
} else
return false;// 撞到身体
} else// 什么都没有碰到
{
nodeArray.addFirst(new Node(x, y));// 加上头部
matrix[x][y] = true;
n = (Node) nodeArray.removeLast();// 去掉尾部
matrix[n.x][n.y] = false;
countMove++;
return true;
}
}
return false;// 越界（撞到墙壁）
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// run():贪吃蛇运动线程
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void run() {
running = true;
while (running) {
try {
Thread.sleep(timeInterval);
} catch (Exception e) {
break;
}
if (!paused) {
if (moveOn())// 未结束
{
gs.repaint();
} else// 游戏结束
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "GAME OVER",
"Game Over", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
break;
}
}
}
running = false;
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// createFood():生成食物及放置地点
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
private Node createFood() {
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
do {
Random r = new Random();
x = r.nextInt(maxX);
y = r.nextInt(maxY);
} while (matrix[x][y]);
return new Node(x, y);
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// speedUp():加快蛇运动速度
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void speedUp() {
timeInterval *= speedChangeRate;
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// speedDown():放慢蛇运动速度
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void speedDown() {
timeInterval /= speedChangeRate;
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// changePauseState(): 改变游戏状态（暂停或继续）
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void changePauseState() {
paused = !paused;
}
}
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