MySQL5.6forREHL6.4编译安装

    MySQL安装方式有多种，可以使用rpm包二进制安装，也可以使用源码进行编译安装。很显然，编译安装的好处很多，就是能够对将要使用的MySQL数据库进行定制，

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对于特定的操作系统、特定的应用、特定的MySQL功能要求很适合。因此，这里记录一次MySQL 5.6 for REHL 6.4编译安装过程。

1、操作系统信息检查并卸载操作系统自带的过低版本Mysql

[root@arbiter ~]# uname -a
Linux arbiter 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jan 29 11:47:41 EST 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@arbiter ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.4 (Santiago)
[root@arbiter ~]# 

[root@arbiter ~]# cat /etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain localhost
#::1            localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

192.168.144.111 arbiter
[root@arbiter ~]# 

[root@arbiter cmake-2.8.10.2]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64
[root@arbiter cmake-2.8.10.2]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs
[root@arbiter cmake-2.8.10.2]# rpm -qa|grep mysql

[root@arbiter cmake-2.8.10.2]#

2、检查MySQL编译安装必须的操作系统依赖包

rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n' make \
gcc-c++ \
libstdc++-devel \
ncurses-devel 

[root@arbiter ~]# rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n' make \
> gcc-c++ \
> libstdc++-devel \
> ncurses-devel 
make-3.81-20.el6 (x86_64)
package gcc-c++ is not installed
package libstdc++-devel is not installed
package ncurses-devel is not installed
[root@arbiter ~]# 

3、安装MySQL编译安装必须的操作系统依赖包

--挂载系统镜像配置本地的yum源

[root@arbiter ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

[root@arbiter yum.repos.d]# cat local.repo 
[local]
name = local
baseurl=file:///mnt/
enabled = 1
gpgcheck = 0
gpgkey =file://mnt/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
[root@arbiter yum.repos.d]# 

[root@arbiter yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Cleaning repos: InstallMedia base extras local updates
Cleaning up Everything
[root@arbiter yum.repos.d]# 

--使用yum安装操作系统缺少的rpm包

yum -y install gcc-c++

ncurses-devel  ncurses-devel 

4、上传、解压并安装cmake

[root@arbiter ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  cmake-2.8.10.2.tar  Documents  install.log         Music     pkg     rpms       test
Desktop             Downloads  install.log.syslog  Pictures  Public  Templates  Videos
[root@arbiter ~]# tar -xvf cmake-2.8.10.2.tar 

--安装cmake

......

[ 99%] Built target foo
Scanning dependencies of target memcheck_fail
[100%] Building C object Tests/CTestTestMemcheck/CMakeFiles/memcheck_fail.dir/ret1.c.o
Linking C executable memcheck_fail
[100%] Built target memcheck_fail
Scanning dependencies of target pseudo_BC
[100%] Building C object Tests/CTestTestMemcheck/CMakeFiles/pseudo_BC.dir/ret0.c.o
Linking C executable BC
[100%] Built target pseudo_BC
Scanning dependencies of target pseudo_purify
[100%] Building C object Tests/CTestTestMemcheck/CMakeFiles/pseudo_purify.dir/ret0.c.o
Linking C executable purify
[100%] Built target pseudo_purify
Scanning dependencies of target pseudo_valgrind
[100%] Building C object Tests/CTestTestMemcheck/CMakeFiles/pseudo_valgrind.dir/ret0.c.o
Linking C executable valgrind
[100%] Built target pseudo_valgrind
[root@arbiter cmake-2.8.10.2]#

[root@arbiter cmake-2.8.10.2]# pwd
/root/cmake-2.8.10.2
[root@arbiter cmake-2.8.10.2]# gmake install

......

-- Installing: /usr/local/doc/cmake-2.8/cpack.docbook
-- Installing: /usr/local/doc/cmake-2.8/ccmake.docbook
-- Installing: /usr/local/share/aclocal/cmake.m4
-- Installing: /usr/local/share/cmake-2.8/editors/vim/cmake-help.vim
-- Installing: /usr/local/share/cmake-2.8/editors/vim/cmake-indent.vim
-- Installing: /usr/local/share/cmake-2.8/editors/vim/cmake-syntax.vim
-- Installing: /usr/local/share/cmake-2.8/editors/emacs/cmake-mode.el
-- Installing: /usr/local/share/cmake-2.8/completions/cmake
-- Installing: /usr/local/share/cmake-2.8/completions/cpack
-- Installing: /usr/local/share/cmake-2.8/completions/ctest
[root@arbiter cmake-2.8.10.2]# 

5、创建mysql用户

[root@arbiter support-files]# ls
binary-configure  magic  my-default.cnf  mysqld_multi.server  mysql-log-rotate  mysql.server
[root@arbiter support-files]# pwd
/application/mysql/support-files
[root@arbiter support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@arbiter support-files]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld 
[root@arbiter support-files]# 

[root@arbiter log]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
[root@arbiter log]# 

--登录mysql

[root@arbiter log]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.36 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> 

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> 

接下来就可以对mysql进行业务数据库的安全、数据等的初始化了！！！

启动异常一、socket文件相关：

[root@arbiter log]# cat mysqld.log 
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.36 started; log sequence number 1626027
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 3306
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [Note] IPv6 is available.
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [Note]   - '::' resolves to '::';
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [ERROR] Can't start server : Bind on unix socket: Permission denied
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [ERROR] Do you already have another mysqld server running on socket: /application/mysql-5.6/tmp/mysql.sock ?
2017-07-27 01:06:19 28474 [ERROR] Aborting

原因是：my.cnf配置中mysql.sock文件存放目录或权限有问题

解决方法：检查socket配置的路径是否存在，socket指定的路径下mysql用户是否有读写权限

[root@arbiter ]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.170727 00:56:52 mysqld_safe error: log-error set to '/application/mysql-5.6/log/mysqld.log', however file don't exists. Create writable for user 'mysql'.
 ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/application/mysql-5.6/data/arbiter.pid).
[root@arbiter ]#

原因是：my.cnf配置的log目录不存在或mysql用户对其没有读写权限

解决方法：检查相关路径是否存在并创建授权